Short Introduction in Pneumatics
气动技术的简单介绍
气动技术的简单介绍
Air quality空气质量
Moisture (drying through cooling)水份(通过冷却使之干燥)
Particles 微粒物
Lubrication (not state of the art)润滑
Additives (automotive application) 附加物(驱动系统的应用)
Intelligent controls through Bus systems巴士通过自能控制系统
Pneumatics气动
Relatively small forces 相关连的较小的力量
Fast movements快速移动
Compressed gases / air 压缩气体/空气
Almost no spare parts几乎没有备用器件
Automation technology自动化技术
Few standard sizes数额标准
High quantities高数量
Very innovative customers很多新颖顾客
Hydraulics液压
High forces高力量
Moderate movements适度运动
Compressed liquid fluids (oil,emulsions, water)压缩液体流体(油,乳状液,水)
High demand on spare pars其他部分的高要求
Power machinery动力机械
Many sizes很多尺寸
Small quantities数量少
More conservative customers大多是顾客为保守型的
Pneumatics and hydraulics often used in a power chain
i.e.: Injection Molding Machine
气动与液压常常联在一起用:例如注塑成型机
i.e.: Injection Molding Machine
气动与液压常常联在一起用:例如注塑成型机
Short Introduction in Pneumatics气动技术的简单介绍
Some applications一些应用
Here except compressors and FRL’s
在这里除了压缩机与FRL’S
在这里除了压缩机与FRL’S
Actuators (Cylinders) 往复运动气缸
ISO Cylinders (ISO 6231)国际标准气缸(ISO6231)
Round Cylinders圆型气缸
Short Stroke Cylinders短行冲程气缸
Rodless Cylinders无杆气缸
Special Cylinders (Variations) 特殊气缸(类型多)
Pneumatic Components气动元件
A Typical Cylinder一个典型的气缸
1. Cushion seal缓冲密封圈
2. Magnet磁环
3. Cushion sleeve缓冲套
4. Barrel缸筒
5. Guide bush导袖衬
6. Rod and wiper seal活塞杆防尘用密封
7. Front end cover前端盖
8. Front port前端缸口
9. Reed switch磁性开关
10. Piston rod 活塞杆
11. Wear ring导向环
12. Piston seal活塞密封
13. Rear end cover后端盖
14. Cushion screw缓冲调节
Pneumatic Components气动元件
1.Cushion screw seal (O-Ring)螺杆缓冲密封圈(O形圈
2.Cushion seal缓冲密封
3.Wear ring导向环
4.Piston seal(U-Cup)活塞密封(U-密封)
5.Barrel sea (O-Ring)缸筒密封(O形圈)
6.Piston rod/wiper seal (AUNIPSL)活塞杆/防尘密封
Here except compressors and FRL’s
在这里除了压缩机与FRL’S
Distributors (Valves)阀门分配器
The range of Pneumatic valves is vast 气缸阀门范围很广
, ,
For all of them, their basic function is to direct air flow
For all of them, their basic function is to direct air flow 它们的基本功能是控制空气流通
To help select a valve they are placed in a variety of categories:
为了帮助选型而编制了很多类型的目录
From the simplest function of opening / closing a single flow path, to the exacting proportional control of pressure and flow 从最简单的开关单流徑到精确控制压力和流通
Style型号
Design principle 设计原理
Type of operator 操作者类型
Funcition作用
Size尺寸
Application应用
Pneumatic Components气动元件
A Typical Valve 一个典型的阀门
1.Solenoid (15 mm)电磁线圈(15mm)
2. Piston with piston seal活塞与活塞密封
3. Spool with disc seals阀芯密封
4. Valve body阀体
5. Return spring往复弹簧
6. Alternative ports 2, 4阀口2,4任选其一
7. Pressure indicator压力指示器
8. Manual override手动装置
9. Electric connectors电源插头
Seal Design密封的设计
Factors, that affect the processes of sealing and gliding of pneumatic seals
影响气动密封的因素
Seal Design密封的设计
Sealing mechanism密封的机械装置
Dynamic leakage = f (viscosity, velocity, press distribution at seal edge)动密封泄露=f(粘性,速度,密封边压力分配)
Seal Design密封的设计
Differences between a hydraulic and a pneumatic seal液压密封和气动密封之间的不同
Seal Design密封的设计
Reasons for notches on our seals我们做密封凹口的原因
2 U-cups in a typical back-to-back assembly
２个Ｕ形密封在一个典型的背对背装配中
Pressure from both sides at the same time压力同时来自两边
Pressure level in space between the seals can reach the level of nominal pressure 密封空间中压力值可以达到理论上的压力值
If pressure drops suddenly, the seals throttle the air flow and the pressure can twist the cross section of the seal or lift the seal from the bottom of the groove如果压力突然下降，由于空气的流动和压力可以从沟槽底部将密封件扭弯曲
This design (w/o counter-measures) liads to FALURES !应该设计密封失败的对策．
Reasons for notches in our seals我们做密封凹口的理由
With a thick static lip we incresaed the twist resistance of the cross section of the seal 设计了一个厚的静密封唇，这样就增加了密封抗扭曲力
With noches and grooves we built channels to let the air flow, by avoiding strong seal deformations为了避免密封强烈的变形我们设计了沟槽和槽口，还增加了一个空气流通流道．
We allowed pressure activation and compensation有压力启动和压力补偿作用
Seal Materials密封的材质
Seal Materials密封的材质
Seal Materials密封的材质
A look inside the rubber structure看看橡胶的内部结构
A look inside the rubber structure看看橡胶的内部结构
● Excellent resistance against mineral ils矿物油有卓越的抗阻力
● Higher acrilnitrile means higher lilresitance an less flexibility in cold
● Temperature range from -40℃…… 100℃温度范围从-40 ℃…… 100℃
● Higher acrilnitrile means higher lilresitance an less flexibility in cold
● Temperature range from -40℃…… 100℃温度范围从-40 ℃…… 100℃
Seal Materials密封的材质
A look inside the polyurethane structure 聚氨酯内部缩略图
Seal Materials密封的材质
Material behaviour材料特性
Strong mate, rial dependence on temperature and fr, equency
物质强韧度取决于温度和频率
Boundaries界线
Surfaces are like landscapes表面像地形
Think of yourself sliding over the Alps or over the Grand Canyon
Boundaries界线
Boundaries界限
Surfaces表面
Material bearing: percentage of flat surface at a specific rougheness depth材料的承受力:表面的平坦度在一特定的粗糙深度
At 25% of Rmax the flat surface must be between 50% and 75% 25%的最大比例表面平理度必须在50%到75%之间
Very similar to Mr 与MR非常相似
Material bearing: percentage of flat surface at a specific rougheness depth材料的承受力:表面的平坦度在一特定的粗糙深度
At 25% of Rmax the flat surface must be between 50% and 75% 25%的最大比例表面平理度必须在50%到75%之间
Very similar to Mr 与MR非常相似
Boundaries界限
Greases 润滑脂
Grease is a mixture of oil and tiny particles (i.e. Soap, bentonite, PTFE - power, fibres, ...润滑脂是油和微粒的混合物(即皂,火山灰风化的胶状粘土,纤维...)
These tiny particles prevent the oil from creeping away这些微粒可以防止油流走
Important for us:对我们而言重要的
The oil viscosity油的粘性
The stiffness of the grease (NLGI-Class)润滑脂的硬度
The oil thpe (seal material resistance)油的种类(密封材料的耐性)
The grease has to coat the metallic surface the whole lifetime !润滑油必须覆盖在整个金属表面
Grease is a mixture of oil and tiny particles (i.e. Soap, bentonite, PTFE - power, fibres, ...润滑脂是油和微粒的混合物(即皂,火山灰风化的胶状粘土,纤维...)
These tiny particles prevent the oil from creeping away这些微粒可以防止油流走
Important for us:对我们而言重要的
The oil viscosity油的粘性
The stiffness of the grease (NLGI-Class)润滑脂的硬度
The oil thpe (seal material resistance)油的种类(密封材料的耐性)
The grease has to coat the metallic surface the whole lifetime !润滑油必须覆盖在整个金属表面
Boundaries界限
Greases润滑脂
Grease can have a greater effect than different seals can润滑脂能有比不同密封起到的更大的影响
Lifetime of Seals out of Different Compounds, Tested in 2 Different Grease密封件的使用寿命依据不同的成分,以2种不同的润滑脂来测试
Boundaries界限范围
The Stribeck-curve波浪图
